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Everything we know about Elon Musk’s messy new Twitter offer

Everything we know about Elon Musk’s messy new Twitter offer

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Elon changed his mind about Twitter again. Now that he’s looking to jump back into the deal, a lot of questions remain unanswered, but hopefully we can help clear some things up.

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Image of Elon Musk with red flourishes in the background.
Kristen Radtke / The Verge; Getty Images

Elon Musk has changed his mind again: he does want to buy Twitter, actually. This, after months of drama! He signaled his intent in a new filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission — but there’s a catch: Twitter has to drop its lawsuit.

We understand if you have questions about the whole situation; honestly, we do, too. So we talked to some legal experts in hopes that would give us at least a fighting chance at providing some answers. Let’s get into it.

First of all, how did we get here?

Sigh. This all started after Musk announced that he purchased a 9.2 percent stake in Twitter in April 2022. Twitter promptly offered Musk a seat on the company’s board of directors, an offer Musk initially accepted before changing his mind about a week later.

The reason for the change of heart? Musk wouldn't be able to acquire a stake larger than 14.9 percent if he were to stay on the board. He also hinted that he would’ve had to give up his pastime of tweeting about how Twitter sucks. So, Musk’s brilliant solution to this conundrum was to buy all of Twitter in a deal valued at $44 billion.

Things went downhill from there. Musk soon accused Twitter of not providing him with adequate information about the number of spam bots on the platform, then claimed this was enough reason for him to back out of the deal altogether. Twitter (understandably) didn’t take too kindly to that and struck back at Musk with a lawsuit demanding that he close the deal.

Twitter and Musk were set to duke it out in court on October 17th, but in typical Musk fashion, on Tuesday, he decided he would go through with his deal to buy Twitter for $54.20 a share after all — if the judge overseeing the lawsuit adjourned the case.

So, why doesn’t Musk want to cancel his deal anymore?

We can’t get inside Musk’s brain to find out for sure (and frankly, we’re not sure we’d want to), but there are a few things that might’ve made him change his mind.

First of all, the pretrial discovery process revealed some embarrassing text messages that showed how the deal imploded and how Musk went from being amped about investing in Twitter to saying that the only way to fix it was to take it over.

Musk likely knows things could get messy at trial. As Eric Talley, a law professor at Columbia University, tells The Verge, Musk was likely facing “a very unpleasant deposition” that could potentially dredge up “extremely inconsistent statements” that could spell even more legal issues. It also doesn’t help that Musk’s case against Twitter essentially relies on publicizing bad things about the very company he could end up acquiring.

Musk’s only public statement on the matter has been a tweet saying that buying Twitter is the first step to “creating X, the everything app.” This is a reference to China’s WeChat, a hugely popular app that started life as a messaging service but has since encompassed numerous other functions, from gaming to social media and shopping. Musk has said in the past that he wants to turn Twitter into WeChat. “You basically live on WeChat in China,” he told Twitter employees in June. “If we can recreate that with Twitter, we’ll be a great success.”

Interestingly, WeChat also includes payment services — and X.com was the name of the online bank that Musk co-founded and would eventually become PayPal.

Will the deal go through?

Honestly... who knows? Musk has reaffirmed his offer in a filing with the SEC, and Twitter has stated that it intends to “close the transaction at $54.20 per share.” That’s more or less been its stance ever since Musk first said he wanted out of the deal, so it’s not necessarily an indication that it’s agreeing to the new offer.

Ann Lipton, a professor of business law at Tulane University, told The Verge that “it’s hard to tell how much of a commitment” Musk’s filing is until his court hearing with Twitter. “But it would be weird for him to publicly file with the SEC if he’s not genuinely interested in settling — that would be some serious securities fraud otherwise,” she said. (Securities fraud? Musk? I couldn’t imagine.)

If the deal does go through, who’s going to own Twitter?

The straightforward answer is Elon Musk, but there’s some nuance here. From a legal standpoint, all of Twitter’s publicly traded stock is being purchased by a holding company, which is “wholly owned by” Musk, according to the SEC filing. (There are also several other holding companies involved in the deal, but they’ll mostly end up folded into Twitter.)

While Musk won’t have to answer to public shareholders like Twitter has historically had to, there are outside firms and people with billions invested in or tied up with this deal, including Binance, Oracle founder Larry Ellison, Saudi Arabia’s Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud, and Andreessen Horowitz. You can see the full list, including how much each entity has invested, in this report from The Wall Street Journal. Musk’s promised them a return on their investment, and The Washington Post suggests that they may also want to have some control over the platform itself.

There’s also the secondary question of who will actually run Twitter day to day. Earlier this year, reports surfaced that Musk would temporarily be in charge of the company after the acquisition, displacing current CEO Parag Agrawal. While Musk hasn’t publicly said what will happen, it seems unlikely that he’ll let Agrawal keep his position; the two have been publicly fighting for months, and Musk’s recently publicized texts show that he was frustrated with Twitter’s leadership.

As for whether Musk still intends to act as the company’s CEO or who he intends to take his place, that’s really anyone’s guess.

Wait... what about the October 17th trial?

It’s a little up in the air right now. Talley said that the lawsuit “is not going to stop dead in its tracks, it will continue” and that he’d expect the judge to signal whether she’ll allow anything to be frozen in time. “The machinery is still geared to trial on October 17th,” he said, adding that things like depositions will still continue until there’s actually a deal.

Didn’t Musk say he wants the trial dropped?

Well, yes, but Twitter would have to agree to that — and Talley doesn’t think it would unless the deal is definitively done by October 17th because it doesn’t want to be like Charlie Brown kicking the football. “I very much doubt that they would agree simply to stay everything. Nor, for that matter, would the Chancellor, who has structured her schedule around the trial date that was set months ago,” he said.

He did note that “one or two items may get delayed a few days,” including Musk’s deposition, but that “team Twitter pretty much has to continue to plan as if this trial is going to happen.” He added that the looming trial would also act as a stick to keep Musk from delaying his settlement efforts.

The Wall Street Journal reports that the judge has asked Musk and Twitter to come up with a plan that would put a halt to the trial by the end of the day, but we’ll just have to see if anything comes of that.

When will this all end?

At this point, it’s completely unclear how long it’ll be before the deal actually closes. However, there is an important deadline in April 2023, which is when Musk’s financing agreements expire. If he doesn’t close the deal or re-up those agreements by then, it’s possible the whole thing could fall through — potentially leaving him on the hook for the billion-dollar breakup fee. As for what that’d mean for Twitter... well, it’d be a billion dollars richer, which is nice, but it’d also have to remain a public company and figure out how to move forward after a year of chaos and having its name dragged through the mud.

As for the other things that could trip the deal up? Given who we’re dealing with, it feels like anything could happen; Musk could incur the wrath of the SEC, Twitter could accidentally admit to something terrible in court, aliens could invade because SpaceX was being real loud with its rocket launches. What we’re trying to say is that this deal isn’t over until it’s over.

With additional reporting by Elizabeth Lopatto

Update Wednesday, October 5th, 4:20AM ET: Story has been updated with Musk’s “everything app” tweet.